Dengue Fever and Mosquito Repellent Lotion

dengue fever is an contagion ca utilise by a virus. You mass touch on it if an infected mosquito bites you. It does non give out from person to person. It is a tropical infirmity and is comm scarce spread during showery seasons. In the Philippine, breakbone fever is reported as wiz of the leading causes of puerility hospitalizations. And make up Adults with weak wicked system atomic number 18 not unspoilt with this virus. Different researches were already conducted and ar still on process to divulge new ways on how to completely solve this dreadful virus. whatever researchers be working on make a vaccine that would immune the body against it.Insect cruddy on the other hand are one of the preventive measures that would decrease the jeopardize of getting louse-bourne diseases such(prenominal)(prenominal) as malaria and dengue which are brought about by mosquitos. An insect vile is a centerfield use to pelt, clothing, or other surfaces which discourages ins ects (and arthropods in general) from landing or arise on that surface. They are commerciall(a)y sold and utilize. Mosquito repellent may tote up in the form of covering, Oil, bar, soap, fabric conditioner, spray and the comparable.Some are chemically do and the others are made out of organic materials that possesses insect repellent properties like Lemon grass, orange and rosemary to name a few. They are all tend gives and most likely available in every garden settings. This instruction is foc employ on the use of Calendula officinalis or commonly cognize as Marigold and Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) in the form of insect repellent practical application, specifically, against the disadvantageous bite of the know specie of mosquito at heart the genus Aedes, or principally known as Aedes aegypti which are the dengue virus carrier.Why applications programme? practical application is medicated inunction which is spread on the contend(Pharmacology) cream, liquid pre paration for beautifying or console the skin (Wikipedia English ). applications programme are astray apply for cosmetics and even medicative purposes. Someone discharge actually wear it throughout the daylight leaving the skin protected from different harmful factors. Skin is the only part of the body that is most vulnerable to mosquito exposure. If a mosquito repellent is applied on skin, it leave behind discourage mosquitos and bugs from landing on it, making the person at low gear risk of getting the dengue virus.Statement of the Problem The important objective of this investigatory project is to produce an Insect repellent lotion, specifically, Mosquito repellent lotion made from the combination of inf utilize Marigold and rosemary oil mixed with plate lotion with the same powerfulness compare to over the counter Mosquito repellent lotion. Specifically it sought to meet the following objectivesTo test the effectiveness of Marigold, rosemary infuse Mosquito repellent lotion in terms ofMosquito repellent effectiveness.Odour Moisturizing effect.Lasting effect ( including the account of mosquito bite after application).Texture on the skin Significance of the countthither is nothing we can do to stop mosquito from sucking onto their prey. This is their only way of survival. They carry insect Bourne diseases like malaria and dengue virus which are very mordacious once they cast off passed it to human body. Dengue Symptoms implicate a juicy fever, headaches, say and muscle pain, vomiting, and a rash. In any(prenominal) cases, dengue turns into dengue haemorrhagic fever, which causes bleeding from your nose, gums, or under your skin.It can besides extend dengue shock syndrome, which causes massive bleeding and shock. These forms of dengue are life-threatening. There is no specific give-and-take. Most people with dengue recover within 2 weeks. Until then, drinking carve up of fluids, resting and taking non-aspirin fever-reducing medicines po wer second. People with the to a greater extent consummate(a) forms of dengue usually need to go to the hospital and get fluids. In our country, everyone is familiar with this kind of disease. Most of its victims are children from schools or houses from rural to urban places world exposed to mosquito carrying dengue.It has already taken many an(prenominal) lives which might yield been prevented if most people were properly oriented bout mosquitos behaviour and on how they could exterminate and eliminate them for the safety of everyone. There are lots of preventive measures which are effective and safe like victimisation mosquito repellen lotion that makes mosquitoes repel on your skin taking you out from the high risk of dengue infection. The feasibility of dress material specifically marigold and rosemary as an effective Mosquito repellent lotion is safe, easy to prepare, dately and economically.Scope and LimitationThis study is crabbed with the use and effects of Marig old and rosemary which are readily available in the community or any part of the country because they are widely use as farm localizes or companion dresss for growing crops. The investigatory project was done at Pampanga Agricultural College. Tests, tryations and discussions were under the supervision of PROF. REGINA D. LORIA. Questionnaires were used and answered to get the survey of the effectiveness of the study. Review of Related Literature Extracts from In a Nutshell Marigold by Jill Rosemary DaviesA popular garden plant, Marigold has been valued for many centuries for its exceptional healing powers and is specially remarkable in the treatment of wounds. When used for healthful purposes, it is commonly referred to as Calendula. In appearance, Marigold looks like a turgid sensationalistic or orange coloured daisy, all(prenominal) floret world about ? (1. 25cm) long. A hardy annual, the plant produces its bright flowers throughout the summer and the flower heads may gro w up to 3 (7cm) in diameter. Marigolds unprejudiced fruits are closely curled in the middle of the flower head, most in the form of a ring.Hence in Germany, its common name is ringelblume, import ringed flower. The plant grows to a height of approximately 20-28 (50-70cm). The stem is conjure up and branched, bearing alternate, light green, lance-shaped leaves and both stem and leaves are covered with all right hair. Marigold is described by some as without a marked scent, save others find its odour rather heavy, while its taste is bitter. Calendula officinalis, the botanical name, originates from the Latin word calends (which comes from calare, to call). A History of HealingMarigold has a long history of medicinal use, stretching back to the Romans and the ancient Greeks, who drank Marigold tea to ameliorate nervous focus and sleeplessness. It has in like manner been used in cooking, dying cloth and skin vex and was a well-known symbol of good luck. Ancient Uses and Folklo re Originally a native plant of ancient Egypt, and first introduced into Britain by the Romans, Marigold is one of the earliest civilized flowers. It was also known to the ancient Greeks, who used its petals for decoration, to colour foods and cosmetics and as a material dye, in addition to its medicinal uses.An excerption of the herbaceous plant was drunk to alleviate the symptoms of nervous tension and to prevent sleepless nights. Marigold has been cultivated in European gardens since about the 12th century. By the 14th century, the plant had become endowed with almost magical powers. A medieval antecedent called Macer, who described Marigold in his Herbal, thought that merely to look at it would change eyesight and draw out evil humours from the headHow Marigold can helpIdeal of healing cuts, scrapes, lacerations, surgical wounds and scars, small infected wounds, beast bites and scratches.Useful for skin conditions such as acne, shingles, chickenpox, dermatitis, eczema sor es, impetigo s atomic piles and other systemic fungal, bacterial and viral conditions.An effective aid to healing minor first degree burns, such as sunburn.Helps to soothe bee, wasp and insect stings.An aid to healing cold- businessed sores.An antiseptic remedy for mouth and throat infections.Soothes toothache.Has a wide sum up of uses in childbirth, including the healing of episiotomies. Relieves sore nipples in nursing mothers.Ideal for complaints such as candida, leucorrhea and trichomoniasis.A safe remedy for babies complaints, such as diaper rash or an inflamed navel or penis. Antiseptic action helps speed childrens recuperation from mumps and measles. A useful remedy for bruises.An ex cellular phoneent treatment for varicose veins and ulcers. (http//www. herbs-hands-healing. co. uk/books/online-books/in-a-nutshell-marigold-calendula-officinalis) Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis Linn. ) is a common dense, evergreen, aromatic pubic hair grown in many parts of the world. Hist orically, rosemary has been used as a medicinal agent to treat renal colic and dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation).It has also been used to relieve symptoms caused by respiratory disorders and to stimulate the growth of hair. Traditionally, rosemary has been used for astir(p) memory board, and has been a symbol of remembrance and friendship for centuries. In Morocco, rosemary has been used to treat diabetes and hypertension (high blood pressure). The most researched constituents of rosemary are caffeic pane of glass and its derivative rosmarinic acid. These compounds are thought to pay antioxidant effects and are being studied as potential therapies for cancer, hepatotoxicity (liver toxicity), and inflammatory conditions. newly, available studies show some promise for rosemary in the treatment of anxiety/stress (aromatherapy) and alopecia (hair loss). Current cosmetic uses of rosemary include treating cellulite and communication channels, and normalizing excessive oil secernme nt of the skin. Germanys counselling E has approved rosemary leaf for treatment of indigestion and rosemary oil (used externally) for joint pain and poor circulation. Evidence These uses suck up been time- time-tested in humans or animals. Safety and effectiveness have not always been proven.Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a pendent healthcare provider. Alopecia areata (hair loss) Rosemary oil is reported to increase circulation and possibly aid hair growth in patients with alopecia areata. Additional study is warranted to confirm these findings. foreboding/stress Rosemary extract is frequently used in aromatherapy for treatment of a salmagundi of conditions, including anxiety, mood enhancement, alteration of pain perception, and to increase alertness.Early study has shown benefit in reducing stress levels and increasing alertness. More study is needed to draw a firm recommendation. Tradition The below uses are based on tradition, scientific theories, or limited research. They often have not been thoroughly tested in humans, and safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider. There may be other proposed uses that are not listed below.Abortifacient, air purifier, analgesic (pain reliever), anthelmintic (expels worms), antiaging, antibacterial, anticoagulant (blood-thinning), antifungal, antioxidant, antispasmodic, desire stimulation, atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), baldness, bronchial asthma, cancer prevention, cataracts, colic, dandruff, diaphoretic (promotes sweating), diuretic, drug withdrawal (morphine), dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation), dyspepsia (upset stomach), gout, hepatoprotection (liver protection), HIV infection, hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol), hyperglycemia, hypertension (high blood pressure), immunostimulation, inflammation, ischemic heart disease, joint pa in, lice, liver cirrhosis, memory enhancement, muscle relaxant (smooth muscle), nerve regeneration, osteoporosis, paralysis, peptic ulcer disease, peripheral vascular disease, photoprotection, poor circulation, preservative, quality of life, renal colic, respiratory disorders, rheumatism, skin care (cosmetic), skin conditions (excessive oil secretion of the skin, cellulite), sperm motility, tonic, wound healing, wrinkle preventionCatnip, marigolds, and rosemary are other popular and familiar mosquito repellent plants. These herbs are scented with oils that mosquitoes and other bugs find unattractive. The insects avoid the plants, which hopefully translates to a lessen mosquito population in the immediate area. Catnip is a perennial herb that will come back year after year, while marigolds are annual and must be planted fresh each spring. Rosemary is a tropical plant, and it must be brought indoors during the cooler weather. The mosquito plant was designed by a Dutch botanist, who c ombined the mosquito repellent properties of citronella with a geranium.The result was a compact, easy to grow indoor/outdoor plant that smells of citronella, yet is ideal for the home garden. The mosquito plant requires full sun and well-drained soil. interchangeable rosemary, it must be brought indoors during the winter, as it cannot tolerate frost and low temperatures. In addition to providing a barrier outdoors in the garden or patio, mosquito repellent plants can also be turned into a natural bug spray. An individual can pick the leaves, flowers, and stems of the plants and crush them to set off the oils. The foliage can then be mixed with alcohol, body oil, or rice vinegar, and applied to the skin. (Piontek A. 2013 What Are the Different Types of Mosquito Repellent Plants?Definition of hurt 1. Marigold-Any of about 30 species of annual herbaceous plants that make up the genus Tagetes in the composite family, native to southwestern North America. -The name also refers to the pot marigold (calendula) and un link up plants of several families. Marigolds include popular garden ornamentals such as African marigold (T. erecta) and French marigold (T. patula), which have solitary or clustered red, orange, and discolor flowers and usually finely cut leaves. Because the strongly scented leaves discourage insect pests, marigolds are often planted among vegetable crops. 2.Rosemary-Small perennial evergreen shrub (Rosmarinus officinalis) of the mint family whose leaves are used to flavour a wide variety of food. -The bush grows 37. 5 ft (12. 3 m) tall and has concise linear leaves that resemble curved pine needles, dark green and smart above, white beneath. Bluish flowers grow in small clusters. Bees are particularly fond of rosemary. In ancient times rosemary was believed to strengthen memory in literature and folklore it is an emblem of remembrance and fidelity. Native to the Mediterranean, it has been naturalized throughout Europe and temperate America. 20 07 Encyclop?dia Britannica, Inc. 3. Virus-Microscopic, simple infectious agent that can cover only in living cells of animals, plants, or bacteria.Viruses are much smaller than bacteria and consist of a single-or double-stranded nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein shell called a capsid some viruses also have an outer envelope composed of lipids and proteins. They vary in shape. The two of import classes are RNA viruses (see retrovirus) and DNA viruses. Outside of a living cell, a virus is an inactive particle, but within an appropriate host cell it becomes active, capable of taking over the cells metabolic machinery for the production of new virus particles (virions). Some animal viruses produce latent infections, in which the virus persists in a quiet state, becoming periodically active in groovy episodes, as in the case of the herpes simplex virus.An animal can respond to a viral infection in various ways, including fever, secretion of interferon, and attack by t he immune system. Many human diseases, including influenza, the common cold, and AIDS, as well as many economically important plant and animal diseases, are caused by viruses. Successful vaccines have been developed to combat such viral diseases as measles, mumps, poliomyelitis, smallpox, and rubella. Drug therapy is generally not useful in controlling established viral infections, since drugs that inhibit viral development also inhibit the functions of the host cell. See also adenovirus arbovirus bacteriophage picornavirus plant virus poxvirus.Dengue-or breakbone fever or dandy feverInfectious, disabling mosquito-borne fever. Other symptoms include extreme joint pain and stiffness, intense pain behind the eyes, a return of fever after brief pause, and a characteristic rash. Dengue is caused by a virus carried by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, usually A. aegypti, which also carries yellow fever. There are four strains of virus infection with one eccentric person does not confer imm unity to the remaining three. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms. Patients should be isolated during the first three days, when mosquitoes can pick up the disease from them. Prevention relies on mosquito control.Malaria-A serious relapsing infection caused by phylum Protozoa of the genus Plasmodium (see plasmodium), transmitted by the bite of the Anopheles mosquito. Known since out front the 5th century BC, it occurs in tropical and subtropical regions near swamps. The roles of the mosquito and the quick study were proved in the early 20th century. Annual cases worldwide are estimated at 250 million and deaths at 2 million. Malaria from different Plasmodium species differs in severity, mortality, and geographic distribution. The parasites have an extremely complex life cycle in one stage they develop synchronously inside red blood cells. Their mass fissions at 48-or 72-hour intervals cause attacks lasting 410 hours.Shaking and chills are followed by fever of up to 105 F (40.6 C), with severe headache and then profuse sweating as temperature returns to normal. Patients often have anemia, spleen enlargement, and general weakness. Complications can be fatal. Malaria is diagnosed by detecting the parasites in blood. Quinine was long used to alleviate the fevers. Synthetic drugs, such as chloroquine, destroy the parasites in blood cells, but many strains are now resistant. Carriers of a gene for a hemoglobinopathy have natural resistance. Malaria prevention requires preventing mosquito bites eliminating mosquito upbringing places and using insecticides or natural predators, window screens, netting, and insect repellent. See also protozoal disease.Mosquito-two-winged insect whose female has a long proboscis to push up the skin and suck the blood of humans and animals(hypernym) dipterous insect, two-winged insects, dipteran, dipteron(hyponym) gnat(member-holonym) Culicidae, family Culicidae 2007 Encyclop?dia Britannica, Inc. 7. Lotion-medicated ointment whic h is spread on the skin (Pharmacology) cream, liquid preparation for beautifying or solace the skin Wikipedia English The Free Encyclopedia. Methodology Collection of Plant Materials savour plant materials were gathered at Alternative Low Input pastoral System(ALIAS) at Pampanga Agricultural College, Magalang Pampanga.Quality leaves of Marigold and Rosemary were cut from the area to be used for the making of Mosquito repellent. Plant samples were thoroughly washed with distilled water and air dried. readiness of the Marigold-Rosemary Mosquito Repellent Lotion 20 grams of air dried Rosemary leaves (Rosmarinus officinalis) and 20 grams of air dried Marigold leaves (Calendula officinalis) were separately diffused using two beakers each containing 100 ml of Mineral oil (one of the processes of extracting Essential oils from plants, known as Oil Diffusion Method. ) with the use of heat source, so as to my experiment I used oil lamp and tripod. Oil solutions obtain from both processe s were filtered using filter paper and left alone to cool.To make the obtained oils from the extraction a material that can be used for the application for skin, I used base lotion that would carry out the active components of marigold and rosemary extracts with it, making it a mosquito repellent Lotion. Base lotions are sold on the market. moneymaking(prenominal) fragrance free lotions are also possible to be used as base lotion. Extracted oils from the sample plants were gently and slowly added with continuous stirring to a 600 ml Base lotion. After the extracted essential oils and base lotion were completely mixed, they were put to clean containers and were labelled as Marigold-Rosemary Mosquito Repellent Lotion Determination of its Effectiveness.To determine the effectiveness of the Marigold-Rosemary Mosquito Repellent Lotion, volunteers were asked to test the product . fivesome to ten (5-10) respondents, each will be given Marigold-Rosemary Mosquito Repellent Lotion that th ey will use for its purpose and a table/questionnaire to be answered by the respondents concerning about the effectiveness of it. The questionnaire comprised the questions pertaining to its odour lasting power or time of reapplications mosquito repellent effects and other relative remarks which are not related to its main purpose its texture as applied to skin and private comments. All results and answer will be treated fairly and will be accepted as part of the general result and experiment.Analysis and observation of data will be the main priority. Results and Discussion 1- truly not squelched/effective2- Not Satisfied/effective3- Satisfied/effective4- Very Satisfied/effective By average 1-Very not satisfied/effective2- Not Satisfied/effective3- Satisfied/effective4- Very Satisfied/effective The data gathered shows that by average Rosemary-Marigold mosquito repellent Lotion obtained a satisfactory rate with regards to its overall effectiveness. Nine respondents tested the produ cts and by analysing the data- its odor, lasting effect, mosquito repellent effect and Texture to the skin got call back average of 2. 57, 3. 28, 3. 20 and 3. 11 respectively.Conclusion and RecommendationFrom the light of the findings, data proved that the infusion of Rosemary and Marigold oil to be used as lotion is effective as mosquito repellent. From the overall average it got a satisfactory rate as to its effectiveness. The statements above are the bases of recommending the following suggestions 1. Other plants that display the same characteristics of Marigold and Rosemary might also be tested. 2. A comparative test shall be used to distinguish its effects from the commercial products, 3. Laboratory test shall be conducted to accurately determine its potentials. 4. Propagation of marigold and Rosemary shall be considered.